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Chapter XVI: Laws And Facts, Theories And Data | The Philosophy Of Science by Steven Gussman [1st Edition]

          “All science is either physics or stamp collecting.”           — Ernest Rutherford I           The key dichotomy in philosophy of science, that of epistemology and ontology, gives rise to many other interesting manifestations.  One, which scientists often argue over today, are laws versus facts.  In the past, it was understood that laws—the mechanical philosophies by which the world unfolded, were fundamental and gave rise to facts (the empirical measurement of which could be used to falsify or verify such mechanical hypotheses).  This is the correct understanding, epistemologically, as it actually explains rather than merely describes the world (it describes the relationships between objects and their dynamics over time, not just the state of an object at a given time).  In this way, we may grasp causes, not just effects.       ...